Carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene are used as solvents.
These compounds resist degradation and have become very troublesome environmental pollutants. Chlorinated hydrocarbons have been used extensively as pesticides some examples are DDT, dieldrin, aldrin, endrin, lindane, chlordane, and heptachlor. Chlorine can also be prepared from hydrochloric acid by oxidation of the hydrogen chloride (Deacon's process) and from bleaching powder.Ĭhlorine is used in water purification as a disinfectant and as an antiseptic (mercuric chloride) and in the manufacture of bleaching powder (chloride of lime), dyes, and explosives. Chlorine is produced commercially chiefly by the electrolysis of sodium chloride, either molten or in solution. Sodium chloride (common salt) is present in seawater, salt wells, and large salt deposits, often in association with other chlorides. With metals and oxygen, chlorine forms several chlorates it also combines with many nonmetals and certain radicals.īecause of its activity chlorine does not occur uncombined in nature, but its compounds are numerous and abundant. Iron ignites when heated in a chlorine atmosphere. In the presence of moisture it combines directly with certain metals, such as copper and iron, to form chlorides. It burns if ignited in a hydrogen atmosphere and, if unignited, can form explosive mixtures with hydrogen it also unites with the hydrogen in compounds such as turpentine, a hydrocarbon. Chlorine reacts readily with hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride.
#CHEMICAL SYMBOL FOR CHLORINE FREE#
Chlorine water has strong oxidizing properties resulting from the oxygen set free when the unstable hypochlorous acid decomposes. Scheele, who thought it was a compound of oxygen it was named and identified as an element by Sir Humphry Davy in 1810.Ĭhlorine is soluble in water its aqueous solution, called chlorine water, consists of a mixture of chlorine, hydrochloric acid, and hypochlorous acid only a part of the chlorine introduced actually goes into solution, the major part reacting chemically with the water. The gas is composed of diatomic molecules (Cl 2) with molecular weight 70.906. Chlorine belongs to the halogen family of elements, found in Group 17 of the periodic table. Only fluorine among the nonmetals is more chemically active. Chlorine is a greenish-yellow poisonous gas with a disagreeable, suffocating odor it is about two and one-half times as dense as air. Chlorine klōr´ēn, klôr´–, gaseous chemical element symbol Cl at.
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